Quantum Simulation of Electron Waveguides in Asymmetric Potentials at the LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ Interface

Understanding non-equilibrium quantum transport in strongly correlated systems remains a major challenge for both theoretical and experimental investigation. One promising approach is to develop highly tunable low-dimensional structures in which transport phenomena can be systematically explored. Here, we report on efforts to implement engineered asymmetric potentials in 1D electron waveguides defined at the LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ interface using conductive atomic force microscopy [1,2]. These nanowires exhibit ballistic transport [3] and gate-tunable interactions, offering a promising platform to study how broken spatial symmetry influences directional transport [4] under non-equilibrium conditions. This work aims to provide a basis for future analog quantum simulation of driven one-dimensional systems.

[1] Cen, Cheng, et al. Nature Mater 7, 298–302 (2008) 

[2] Cen, Cheng, et al. Science 323,1026-1030 (2009).

[3] Annadi, Anil, et al. Nano letters 18.7 (2018): 4473-4481.

[4] Bogorin, Daniela F., et al. Applied Physics Letters 97.1 (2010).