Dependence of domain wall motion on the shape of electrical pulses for magnetic memories

This work investigates the motion of magnetic domain walls in ferromagnetic nanowires driven by electrical current pulses, with potential applications in racetrack memories that store information in magnetic domain regions. Using micromagnetic simulations, we analyzed one-dimensional nanowires containing a domain wall positioned at their midpoint, separating two regions with opposite magnetizations. Current pulses with various temporal profiles, including sinc, sinusoidal, square, and trapezoidal, were applied to the nanowires to investigate their effects on domain wall propagation. The influence of current parameters, such as pulse shape, rise time, peak duration, base current, and material parameters, including saturation magnetization, anisotropy, and damping, was also analyzed. The displacement and velocity of the domain walls were measured to construct performance curves. Two types of nanowires were considered: one dominated by shape anisotropy and another with a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The results show that pulse type and profile have a strong influence on domain wall velocity, highlighting promising dynamic behaviour for racetrack memory applications.