The seven-dimensional universe

This theory proposes a unified cosmological and gravitational framework based on a seven-dimensional universe in which spacetime is a four-dimensional elastic grid supported by hidden three-dimensional Planck volumes carrying a Planck charge. Cosmic acceleration arises from the electrostatic repulsion between these charges, eliminating the need for a cosmological constant or dark energy. Matter expands with spacetime, preserving proper lengths and volumes, while photons redshift due to propagation through regions of increasing stretch. Redshift, time dilation, and gravitational potential have a common physical origin. The model replaces the Big Bang with a “Big Repulsion” and predicts a finite cosmic age of 34.2 billion years. Local variations in G, h, ε₀, and k are compensated by changes in the rest mass, preserving Lorentz invariance and implying an absolute, albeit unidentifiable, inertial frame. A Lorentz-covariant gravitational field theory based on Newtonian gravity yields Maxwell-like GEM equations reproducing standard relativistic results while avoiding singularities by terminating spacetime at the event horizons. The MOND regime emerges only near black holes, explaining galaxy cluster dynamics without dark matter. The theory derives a closed-form, parameter-free distance-redshift relation using H₀ = 77.7 km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹, consistent with Type Ia supernovae and BAO data, providing a testable alternative to ΛCDM and general relativity without the need for dark energy and dark matter.