Structure Refinement of a Sol-gel Derived Pyrochlore Bi$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ Using a Neutron Scatterings

POSTER

Abstract

Structure of the sol-gel derived pyrochlore Bi$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ has been refined by a Rietveld analysis method using neutron and x-ray scattering data. The structure of Bi2Ti2O7 was assumed as Fd-3m (space group number 227). The calculated lattice constant was 10.3735(3) nm. The sample contains a majority Bi$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ phase and minor Bi$_{4}$Ti$_{3}$O$_{12}$, Bi$_{12}$TiO$_{20}$, and TiO$_{2}$ phases. After subtracting the secondary phases effect, the total goodness of fit using both scatterings was conversed to $\chi ^{2}$ = 2.6, Rp = 6.5 {\%}, and wRp = 8.6 {\%}, which suggesting that the refined structure of Bi$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ is reasonable. Bi atom occupies 96 g site with probability of 0.158(1), while O occupies 8 a site by 0.884(16). Furthermore, Bi$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ thin film has been fabricated by a sol-gel method. After depositing electrodes, electrical properties of the thin film have been measured. Interestingly, a ferroelectric characteristics has been observed; electric field dependent dielectric constant. The refined structure information of Bi$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ may explain the observed ferroelectricity of the thin films. Details of the structural and electrical properties of Bi$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ will be discussed.

Authors

  • Won-Jeong Kim

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School

  • Dana Dunn

    University of Texas at Arlington, Peoples Friendship University of the Russia, TSAAPT Officer, University of Texas at El Paso, Department of Chemistry, Stephen F. Austin University, Department of Physics, Stephen F. Austin University, Highland Park High School, Dallas, Texas, Lamar High School, Arlington, Texas, Angelo State University, Abilene Christian University, Southern Nazarene University, Texas Tech University, Sam Houston State University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, University of Houston, University of Texas Center for Relativity, Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory (IBMAL), University of North Texas, University of North Texas, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, UTA High Energy Physics Group, Univ. of Texas, Arlington, USA, KAERI Korea, Changwon National Univ., Korea, Rutgers University, Iowa State University, Rigaku/MSC, Texas Christian University, Dept. of Physics, Changwon National University, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Harrington Department Bioengineering Arizona State University, Universidad Autonoma de Colima, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Chair, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Dean of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, President, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Physics, Texas A\&M University, NanoFAB Center and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, University of Texas at San Antonio, SEMATECH, University of Texas at Dallas, CINVESTAV Queretaro, Mexico and University of Texas at Dallas, Texas A\&M University, Departamento de F\'isica, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Department of Physics, UT Austin, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Tolar High School, Granbury High School