Controlling the Phase of Imprinted Spin Textures in Spinor BECs

Multi-photon Raman processes are used to make many complex topological spin textures in spinor BECs such as coreless vortices, non-Abelian vortices, skyrmions, and spin monopoles. Understanding this process is important in controllably writing spin textures into the condensate. We derive analytic expressions for the phases of the states for a two-photon Raman interaction and show that for spatially-dependent Rabi frequencies, time-dependent singularities in these phases lead to density modulations termed a ``Raman Fingerprint" for diabatic pulses [1]. When the two-photon detuning is not zero, an additional phase adjusts the locations of the phase singularities, therefore, allowing control over the size of the imprinted features.\\[4pt] [1] L.S. Leslie, {\it et al.} Laser Physics {\bf 19}, 593 (2009).