Coupling electrons on solid neon to a superconducting resonator
ORAL
Abstract
Floating electrons on the surface of liquid helium [1] or solid neon [2] offer a promising two-dimensional platform for realizing qubits. Recently, it has been found that electrons on solid neon exhibit long coherence times. The coherence time of a charge qubit on solid neon exceeded 0.1 ms [3-4], and the coherence time of the spin qubit is expected to be 1 s [4].
In this talk, we present the trapping of electrons on the surface of solid neon and their coupling to a superconducting resonator. The microcircuit is fabricated out of a NbTiN layer deposited on a silicon substrate. Floating electrons are coupled to the superconducting resonator via the electric field.
We measure the transmission spectrum of the microcircuit. We observe the coupling between the resonator photon and the charge state of a trapped electron with coupling strength g/2𝜋 = 1.4 MHz. We perform two-tone spectroscopy by simultaneously applying a probe signal and a drive signal. We measure the Rabi oscillation and the Ramsey interference of the qubit by applying drive pulses. We also investigate how the qubit relaxation time T1 varies with the electron's environment, obtaining values of 3 µs and 11 µs under different conditions.
In future work, we plan to apply an inhomogeneous magnetic field to couple the spin and charge states to realize a spin qubit [5].
[1] G. Koolstra, et al., Nat. Commun. 10, 5323 (2019).
[2] X. Zhou, et al., Nature 605, 46 (2022).
[3] X. Zhou, et al., Nat. Phys. 20, 116 (2024).
[4] Q. Chen, I. Martin, L. Jiang, D. Jin, Quantum Sci. Technol. 7, 045016 (2022).
[5] Y. Tian, et al., arXiv:2505.24303 (2025).
In this talk, we present the trapping of electrons on the surface of solid neon and their coupling to a superconducting resonator. The microcircuit is fabricated out of a NbTiN layer deposited on a silicon substrate. Floating electrons are coupled to the superconducting resonator via the electric field.
We measure the transmission spectrum of the microcircuit. We observe the coupling between the resonator photon and the charge state of a trapped electron with coupling strength g/2𝜋 = 1.4 MHz. We perform two-tone spectroscopy by simultaneously applying a probe signal and a drive signal. We measure the Rabi oscillation and the Ramsey interference of the qubit by applying drive pulses. We also investigate how the qubit relaxation time T1 varies with the electron's environment, obtaining values of 3 µs and 11 µs under different conditions.
In future work, we plan to apply an inhomogeneous magnetic field to couple the spin and charge states to realize a spin qubit [5].
[1] G. Koolstra, et al., Nat. Commun. 10, 5323 (2019).
[2] X. Zhou, et al., Nature 605, 46 (2022).
[3] X. Zhou, et al., Nat. Phys. 20, 116 (2024).
[4] Q. Chen, I. Martin, L. Jiang, D. Jin, Quantum Sci. Technol. 7, 045016 (2022).
[5] Y. Tian, et al., arXiv:2505.24303 (2025).
*This work was supported by JST-FOREST (JPMJFR2039) and RIKEN-Hakubi program.
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Publication: Y. Tian, et al., arXiv:2505.24303 (2025).
Presenters
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Jun Wang
- RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN
- RIKEN